Vaccines are powerful tools for controlling microbial infections and preventing epidemic
diseases. Efficient inactive, subunit, or viral-like particle vaccines usually rely on a safe and …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors, originally discovered to
stimulate innate immune reactions against microbial infection. TLRs also play essential roles …

Global deployment of vaccines that can provide protection across several age groups is still
urgently needed to end the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in low-and middle-income …

With an intensive understanding of the mechanism of immune system, developing a
therapeutic tumor vaccine is one of the most perspective strategy of cancer immunotherapy …

Single-stranded oligonucleotides have been explored as a therapeutic modality for more
than 20 years. Only during the last 5 years have single-stranded oligonucleotides become a …

Phototherapy is an emerging approach for cancer treatment that is effective at controlling the
growth of primary tumors. In the presence of light irradiation, photothermal and …

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) are heterogeneous and unusual immune reactions
with rather unique clinical presentations. Accumulating evidence indicates that certain non …

Massive production of efficacious SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is essential for controlling the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We report here the preclinical development of yeast …

Cocaine is one of the oldest and most widely used illicit drugs in the world and is
responsible for major worldwide medical and social problems. Drug addiction is a disease …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are paramount in initiating and guiding immunity towards a state of
activation or tolerance. This bidirectional capacity of DCs sets them at the center stage for …