Macroautophagy (herein referred to as autophagy) is an evolutionary ancient mechanism
that culminates with the lysosomal degradation of superfluous or potentially dangerous …

Abstract The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) provides an ideal
framework to establish multi-disciplinary research networks. COST Action BM1203 (EU …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

Background & Aims Intestinal epithelial cells aid in mucosal defense by providing a physical
barrier against entry of pathogenic bacteria and secreting antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) …

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved ubiquitous pathway that performs diverse roles
in health and disease. Although many key, widely expressed proteins that regulate …

The interaction of bacterial pathogens with mammalian hosts leads to a variety of
physiological responses of the interacting partners aimed at an adaptation to the new …

Genetic variations in the autophagic pathway influence genetic predispositions to Crohn
disease. Autophagy, the major lysosomal pathway for degrading and recycling cytoplasmic …

Autophagy is an essential component of innate immunity, enabling the detection and
elimination of intracellular pathogens. Legionella pneumophila, an intracellular pathogen …

The ability to respond and adapt to changes in the physical environment is a universal and
essential cellular property. Here we demonstrated that cells respond to mechanical …

L egionella species are ubiquitous, waterborne bacteria that thrive in numerous ecological
niches. Yet, in contrast to many other environmental bacteria, L egionella spp. are also able …