Rechargeable batteries are necessary for the decarbonization of the energy systems, but life‐
cycle environmental impact assessments have not achieved consensus on the …

Cobalt (Co) and its compounds are widely distributed in nature and are part of numerous
anthropogenic activities. Although cobalt has a biologically necessary role as metal …

Business models for the circular economy, or circular business models, is a growing field of
research applied in various industries. Global sustainability trends, such as electrification of …

The sustainability of cobalt is an important emerging issue because this critical base metal is
an essential component of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. More than half of the …

Soil contamination with heavy metals due to mining activities poses risks to ecological safety
and human well-being. Limited studies have investigated heavy metal pollution due to …

This study examines the political economy of cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of
the Congo. There, a veritable mining boom for cobalt is underway, driven by rising global …

Through the critical lenses of “modern slavery,”“dispossession,” and “gendering,” this study
examines the contours of power, patriarchy, and child labor in the artisanal and small-scale …

This review considers key parameters for affordable Li-ion battery (LIB)–powered electric
transportation, such as mineral abundance for active material synthesis, raw materials' …

Three key questions have driven recent discussions of the energy and environmental
impacts of automotive lithium-ion batteries. We address each of them, beginning with …

This review summarizes over 160 studies focused on soil contamination near non-ferrous
metal smelters. The methods of these investigations were examined with an emphasis on …