1. BACKGROUND 1.1. Why Condensed Matter Matters: Types and Significance of
Condensed Matter and Surfaces Encountered in the Atmospheric Environment The …

It has been shown that sunlit snow and ice plays an important role in processing
atmospheric species. Photochemical production of a variety of chemicals has recently been …

Snow in the environment acts as a host to rich chemistry and provides a matrix for physical
exchange of contaminants within the ecosystem. The goal of this review is to summarise the …

The cryosphere is an important component of global organic contaminant cycles. Snow is an
efficient scavenger of atmospheric organic pollutants while a seasonal snowpack, sea ice …

The physical, chemical, and biological processes involving organics in ice in the
environment impact a number of atmospheric and biogeochemical cycles. Organic material …

Ice is an important physical and chemical sink for various pollutants in cold regions. The
photodegradation of emerging fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic contaminants with dissolved …

Ice is an important medium in cold regions, because it regulates the environmental
behaviors and the fate of pollutants. The photodegradation of fluoroquinolone (FQ) …

An environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was used for the first time to obtain
well-resolved images, in both temporal and spatial dimensions, of lab-prepared frost flowers …

The reaction rate of the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) is several times larger in
the frozen state than that in the unfrozen solution of the same composition at the same …

An attempt is made to provide a more rigorous basis for the desc~ ipÜon of solvent effects
on chemical reactions by taking into accouht the various free energy contributions involved …