Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-
ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 provide deep and durable …

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are generated by nonenzymatic modifications of
macromolecules (proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) by saccharides (glucose, fructose, and …

The remarkable plasticity and plethora of biological functions performed by macrophages
have enticed scientists to study these cells in relation to atherosclerosis for> 50 years, and …

Rationale: Monocyte infiltration into the subintimal space and its intracellular lipid
accumulation are the most prominent features of atherosclerosis. To understand the …

During atherosclerosis, the gradual accumulation of lipids into the subendothelial space of
damaged arteries results in several lipid modification processes followed by macrophage …

Intestinal microbiota metabolism of choline and phosphatidylcholine produces
trimethylamine (TMA), which is further metabolized to a proatherogenic species …

IL-1β production is critically regulated by cytosolic molecular complexes, termed
inflammasomes. Different inflammasome complexes have been described to date. While all …

Macrophages are strategically located throughout the body tissues, where they ingest and
process foreign materials, dead cells and debris and recruit additional macrophages in …

Scavenger receptors constitute a large family of proteins that are structurally diverse and
participate in a wide range of biological functions. These receptors are expressed …

Scavenger receptors were originally identified by their ability to recognize and to remove
modified lipoproteins; however, it is now appreciated that they carry out a striking range of …