Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and disability
globally. In low-and middle-income countries hypertension has a major social impact …

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for the development
of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). According to several meta …

Objective Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading non-AIDS-defining causes of
death among HIV-positive (HIV+) individuals. However, the evidence surrounding specific …

Here we review how immune activation and insulin resistance contribute to the metabolic
alterations observed in HIV-infected patients, and how these alterations increase the risk of …

People living with HIV (PLWHIV) present an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular
events. We aimed to assess whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) pharmacologically …

Individual variability in drug response (IVDR) can be a major cause of adverse drug
reactions (ADRs) and prolonged therapy, resulting in a substantial health and economic …

Antiretroviral therapy has revolutionized the care of people with human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) by reducing morbidity and mortality from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome …

Introduction Increased body weight is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and
is increasingly reported as a health problem in people living with HIV (PLHIV). There is …

Introduction: antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival of People Living with HIV
(PLWH); however, this has resulted in an increasingly high prevalence of non …

HIV infection is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This risk is accentuated by
certain combination antiretroviral therapies (cARTs), independent of their effects on lipid …