Abstract Machine learning (ML) plays the core function to intellectualize the transportation
systems. Recent years have witnessed the advent and prevalence of deep learning which …

Many image segmentation techniques are available in the literature. Some of these
techniques use only the gray level histogram, some use spatial details while others use …

This paper proposes as an element of novelty the Unified Form (UF) clustering algorithm,
which treats Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and K-Means (KM) algorithms as a single configurable …

The Fuzzy c-means is one of the most popular ongoing area of research among all types of
researchers including Computer science, Mathematics and other areas of engineering, as …

Very large (VL) data or big data are any data that you cannot load into your computer's
working memory. This is not an objective definition, but a definition that is easy to …

Image segmentation is very essential and critical to image processing and pattern
recognition. This survey provides a summary of color image segmentation techniques …

This is the first book to take a truly comprehensive look at clustering. It begins with an
introduction to cluster analysis and goes on to explore: proximity measures; hierarchical …

This study reports on a method for carrying out fuzzy classification without a priori
assumptions on the number of clusters in the data set. Assessment of cluster validity is …

During development, animals generate distinct cell populations with specific identities,
functions, and morphologies. We mapped transcriptionally distinct populations across …

Texture features that are based on the local power spectrum obtained by a bank of Gabor
filters are compared. The features differ in the type of nonlinear post-processing which is …