In last 50 years, Belgium has evolved from a central to a federal state. Although this process
was driven by the Flemish and Francophone communities (and influenced by the Brussels …

Belgium is considered as a very divided multinational and federal state, with conflicts
between representatives of its two main language communities regularly threatening its …

Drawing from the literature on political ambition, this article examines whether politicians
holding executive offices exhibit similar patterns of movement between different levels of …

Après la sixième réforme l'État, décidée en 2011 et adoptée en 2012-2014, le fédéralisme
en Belgique était susceptible d'entrer dans une phase de stabilité. Néanmoins, l'encre des …

Theoretically federations are meant to divide and decentralise power with sub-national
governments that are closer to the people, which can better accommodate diversity with …

This article explores different measurements of (sub-) national identities in survey research
and examines to which extent they lead to different results. Using survey data from Belgium …

The 2019 elections in Belgium yielded contrasted results between the two main regions of
the country, Flanders and Wallonia. It is often posited that at the core of this regional …