Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remain
among the most common disorders in people infected with HIV, even in an era when potent …

▪ Abstract Microglia are the principal immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and
have a critical role in host defense against invading microorganisms and neoplastic cells …

Approximately 40 million people worldwide are infected with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). Despite HIV's known propensity to infect the CNS and cause neurological disease …

Cognitive disorders, vacuolar myelopathy, and sensory neuropathies associated with HIV
are the most common disorders in patients with HIV AIDS, and are the focus of this review …

To determine the neuropathological substrate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐
associated neurocognitive disorders, we examined persons with acquired …

Background: Neurocognitive impairment remains prevalent in HIV-infected (HIV+)
individuals despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We assessed the impact of …

Abstract Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) are proinflammatory
cytokines that are constitutively expressed in healthy, adult brain where they mediate normal …

With the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy AIDS dementia complex or HIV-
associated dementia, as it was termed later, largely disappeared in clinical practice …

Neurodegeneration and dementia are common complications of AIDS caused by human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous system. HIV-1 target …

Proinflammatory cytokines, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin
(IL)-6, have multiple effects in the central nervous system (CNS) not strictly cytotoxic being …