Recent scientific and technological advances have brought us closer to being able to apply
a true biopsychosocial approach to the study of resilience in humans. Decades of research …

The notion that some people are more vulnerable to adversity as a function of inherent risk
characteristics is widely embraced in most fields of psychology. This is reflected in the …

Depression is a debilitating mental illness with clear developmental patterns from childhood
through late adolescence. Here, we present data from the Gene Environment Mood (GEM) …

Trauma is an inextricable component of the human condition. Most individuals are exposed
to one or more traumas during their lifetime, but there is great psychological and …

Empirical studies suggest that psychiatric disorders result from a complex interplay between
genetic and environmental factors. Most evidence for such gene-environment interaction …

Objective To review the literature on psychological and biological findings on resilience (ie
the successful adaptation and swift recovery after experiencing life adversities) at the level of …

We provide a theoretical and empirical basis for the claim that individual differences exist in
developmental plasticity and that phenotypic plasticity should be a subject of study in its own …

Humans differ substantially in how strongly they respond to similar experiences. Theory
suggests that such individual differences in susceptibility to environmental influences have a …

Evidence that adverse rearing environments exert negative effects particularly on children
and adults presumed “vulnerable” for temperamental or genetic reasons may actually reflect …

Despite the well-established sex difference in prevalence of many childhood and adolescent
psychopathological conditions, no integrative metatheory of sex differences in …