Bloodstream infection (BSI) is associated with major morbidity and mortality. Population-
based studies are the optimal designs to determine the occurrence of BSI. This is because in …

The discovery of penicillin nearly 90 years ago revolutionized the treatment of bacterial
disease. Since that time, numerous other antibiotics have been discovered from bacteria …

Background In South Africa, a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was
introduced in 2009 with a three-dose schedule for infants at 6, 14, and 36 weeks of age; a 13 …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common commensal and an opportunistic pathogen.
Suspected pneumococcal upper respiratory infections and pneumonia are often treated with …

Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a major cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality
worldwide. While a positive blood culture is mandatory for establishment of the presence of …

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most significant public health threats of our time. Although
antibiotic-resistant bacteria have existed for millions of years, these organisms were most …

Pneumococcal infections elicited by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)(
pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis, meningitis) are frequently occurring diseases that are …

BACKGROUND. Since introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in
the United States in 2000, rates of invasive pneumococcal disease have declined. However …

Reduction of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) by pneumococcal conjugate
vaccines (PCVs) has recently become a reality. We now know that (1) most clinically …

Background: The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the
United States in February 2000. The PROTEKT US study evaluated serotype distribution …