Heterogeneous catalysis has provided a viable alternative to homogeneous catalysis for the
production of low-cost biodiesel fuel, overcoming the constraints of homogeneous catalysis …

Biodiesel production faces environmental and economic challenges due to the use of
homogeneous catalysts, such as NaOH, KOH, NaOCH 3, and KOCH 3. Despite their good …

The dual bamboo and coconut waste-derived catalyst was utilized to enhance the
esterification reaction between two incompressible reactants,(oleic acid and methanol), to …

Sulfonated polycyclic aromatic carbon (SPAC) catalysts have specific surface characteristics
owing to the presence of two types of functional groups: SO3H (sulfonic) and oxygen …

Global waste generation is expected to continue to grow due to economic development and
population growth. Therefore, sustainable waste management is mandatory if a sustainable …

The relevance of heterogeneous catalysis in biodiesel production cannot be
overemphasized, as heterogeneous catalysts have eliminated the demerits associated with …

The synthesis of biodiesel from renewable resources has immense potential as a
sustainable and cost-effective energy alternative. In this work, a reusable–SO3H …

As a promising renewable fuel, biodiesel has gained worldwide attention to replace fossil-
derived mineral diesel due to the threats concerning the depletion of fossil reserves and …

This work reports the one-pot solvothermal synthesis of a Keggin heteropolyacid
(phosphomolybdic acid, tungstophosphoric acid, or silicotungstic acid) immobilized on Ni …

The energy demand of the world is skyrocketing due to the exponential economic growth
and population expansion. To meet the energy requirement, the use of fossil fuels is not a …