Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) are uniquely
required to balance the formation of new blood vessels with the maintenance and …

As angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis, controlling tumor-associated
angiogenesis is a promising tactic in limiting cancer progression. The tumor …

Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, the major mechanism of protein function
regulation, play important roles in regulating a variety of cellular physiological and …

Abstract VEGFR2 (KDR/Flk1) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) plays a central role in
angiogenesis. The P-type ATPase transporter ATP7A regulates copper homeostasis, and its …

Activities as diverse as migration, proliferation and patterning occur simultaneously and in a
coordinated fashion during tissue morphogenesis. In the growing vasculature, the formation …

The Notch signaling pathway, which is highly conserved from sea urchins to humans, plays
an important role in cell-differentiation, survival, proliferation, stem-cell renewal, and …

Endothelial cells (ECs) angiogenesis is the process of sprouting new vessels from the
existing ones, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes such as …

A strict physiological balance between endogenous proangiogenic and antiangiogenic
factors controls endothelial cell functions, such that endothelial cell growth is normally …

Mitochondria are best known for their role as cellular power plants, but they also serve as
signaling hubs, regulating cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. A kinase …

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a secreted protein that promotes
degradation of cell surface LDL receptors (LDLRs) in selected cell types. Here we used …