Cancer divergence has many facets other than being considered a genetic term. It is a
tremendous challenge to understand the metastasis and therapy response in cancer …

Three‐dimensional cell culture models, such as spheroids, can be used in the process of the
development of new anticancer agents because they are able to closely mimic the main …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor‐initiating cells (TICs), are suggested to be
responsible for drug resistance and cancer relapse due in part to their ability to self‐renew …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce carcinogenesis by causing genetic mutations,
activating oncogenes, and increasing oxidative stress, all of which affect cell proliferation …

With nearly 10 million deaths, cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Along with
major key parameters that control cancer treatment management, such as diagnosis …

Metastatic tumors are the cause of more than 90% of cancer related deaths. Metastasis
formation can be considered as a culmination of the Darwinian evolutionary process within …

Cells with stem‐like properties, tumorigenic potential, and treatment‐resistant phenotypes
have been identified in many human malignancies. Based on the properties they share with …

Drug resistance is the main culprit of failure in cancer therapy that may lead to cancer
relapse. This resistance mostly originates from rare, but impactful presence of cancer stem …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been defined as cells within tumor that possess the capacity
to self-renew and to cause the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that comprise the …

Over the last decades, the cancer survival rate has increased due to personalized therapies,
the discovery of targeted therapeutics and novel biological agents, and the application of …