Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of nephrology consultation and is associated
with high mortality rates. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, hypoxia or …

Radiocontrast media (RCM) are medical drugs used to improve the visibility of internal
organs and structures in X‐ray based imaging techniques. They may have side effects …

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), also known as contrast-induced acute kidney injury, is
an iatrogenic renal injury that follows intravascular administration of radio-opaque contrast …

Background The use of iodinated contrast medium can result in nephropathy. Whether iso-
osmolar contrast medium is less nephrotoxic than low-osmolar contrast medium in high-risk …

Pathophysiology of contrast medium–induced nephropathy. Background Contrast medium–
induced nephropathy (CIN) is a well-known cause of acute renal failure, but the …

A 71-year-old man with type 2 diabetes and hypertension is referred for coronary
angiography. Medications include metformin and a thiazide. Before the angiogram, his …

This definition may in part account for the large number of cases reported showing only
transient elevations of serum creatinine levels or at least elevations that do not require …

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), usually defined as an increase in serum creatinine of
0.5 mg/dL (44.2 μmol/L), or a 25% increase from the baseline value 48 hours after the …

In order to make appropriate decisions about clinical management, it is important for
physicians to be able to stratify patients according to their risk for contrast-induced …

WITH THE INCREASING USE OF CONTRAST MEDIA in diagnostic and interventional
procedures, nephropathy induced by contrast media has become the third leading cause of …