Water scarcity is a grand challenge that has always stimulated research interests in finding
effective means for pure water production. In this context, reverse osmosis (RO) is …

The thin-film composite (TFC) membranes fabricated by interfacial polymerization (IP) can
be applied in the fields of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), which has the …

The review article describes research on different methods for manufacturing polymeric NF
membranes. The primary focus is on NF composite membranes formed by interfacial …

Reverse osmosis (RO) based desalination is one of the most important and widely
recognized technologies for production of fresh water from saline water. Since its conception …

Semipermeable membranes are the core elements for membrane water desalination
technologies such as commercial reverse osmosis (RO) process and emerging forward …

Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotically driven process widely studied for water desalination,
wastewater treatment, and water reuse, as well as dilution and concentration of aqueous …

This paper provides a review on the recent development of thin film composite (TFC)
membrane, which has received increasing attention in the field of water desalination …

Thin film composite (TFC) membranes have been experiencing significant modifications
recently aiming to improve their structure, properties and separation efficiency. One of the …

Biofouling is one of the most critical issues that jeopardizes membrane separation
performance, accounting for nearly half of all types of membrane fouling. Herein, inspired by …

Thin film composite (TFC) membrane, which consists of polyamide (PA) active film rests on
porous support layer, has been the major type of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane since its …