Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that
involves demyelination and axonal degeneration. Although substantial progress has been …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic debilitating disease of the central nervous system
primarily mediated by T lymphocytes with specificity to neuronal antigens in genetically …

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protects the central nervous system (CNS) and analyzing CSF
aids the diagnosis of CNS diseases, but our understanding of CSF leukocytes remains …

Interleukin-21 is a cytokine with broad pleiotropic actions that affect the differentiation and
function of lymphoid and myeloid cells. Since its discovery in 2000, a tremendous amount …

Follicular helper T cells (TFH cells) compose a heterogeneous subset of CD4+ T cells that
induce the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells and memory cells. They are found …

Our understanding of the origin and functions of human blood CXCR5+ CD4+ T cells found
in human blood has changed dramatically in the past years. These cells are currently …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a distinct subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes, specialized in B
cell help and in regulation of antibody responses. They are required for the generation of …

Understanding the developmental mechanisms of follicular helper T cells (TFH cells) in
humans is relevant to the clinic. However, the factors that drive the differentiation of human …

Chemokine CXC motif ligand 13 (CXCL13), originally identified as a B-cell chemokine, plays
an important role in the immune system. The interaction between CXCL13 and its receptor …

A better understanding of immune-mediated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of multiple
sclerosis and the contribution of environmental risk factors toward the development of …