The power of episodic memories is that they bring a past moment into the present, providing
opportunities for us to recall details of the experiences, reframe or update the memory, and …

Neurotransmitters serve as chemical messengers playing a crucial role in information
processing throughout the nervous system, and are essential for healthy physiological and …

Background Hippocampal volume reduction is the most replicated finding in neuroimaging
studies of major depressive disorder (MDD). Varying hippocampal volume definition is a …

Experimental research on emotional memory reconsolidation interference, or the induction
of amnesia for previously established emotional memory, has a long tradition, but the …

Affective experiences are commonly represented by either transient emotional reactions to
discrete events or longer term, sustained mood states that are characterized by a more …

Background and objectives: Rumination is a correlate of increased posttraumatic stress
(PTS) symptoms. This study quantitatively reviewed the literature on rumination and PTS …

Importance Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly effective and rapid in treating
depression, but it carries a risk of significant cognitive adverse effects. Magnetic seizure …

A growing number of studies have revealed significant abnormalities in
electroencephalography (EEG) microstate in patients with depression, but these findings …

The role of the amygdala in the experience of emotional states and stress is well
established. Connections from the amygdala to the hypothalamus activate the hypothalamic …

This article is aimed at showing the current level of evidence for the usage of biofeedback
and neurofeedback to treat depression along with a detailed review of the studies in the field …