In spite of the huge progress in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, we are still in the situation
that both pregestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes (GDM) impose an additional risk …

Introduction Pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM; GDM) are significant
health concerns because they are associated with an increased rate of malformations and …

Smokers have a significantly higher risk for developing coronary and cerebrovascular
disease than nonsmokers. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are reactive, cross …

To test the value of intensive management of diabetes before and during early pregnancy,
84 women recruited prior to conception were compared with 110 women who were already …

Background: Diabetes type 1 is associated with an increased risk for infant congenital
malformations. It is debated whether this is true also at gestational diabetes. Aims: To study …

Aims/hypothesis. To assess the relation between glycaemic control in early pregnancy and
the risk of congenital malformations in offspring of mothers with Type I (insulin-dependent) …

Background: Maternal obesity and diabetes are both associated with increased risk of
congenital central nervous system (CNS) malformations in the offspring and may share a …

OBJECTIVE—We sought to determine the absolute risk of having a congenital anomaly in
relation to periconceptional GHb concentration among women with prepregnancy diabetes …

Congenital heart disease in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes mellitus. An
international clinical collaboration, literature review, and meta-analysis. Page 120 120 LA …

Currently, 60 million women of reproductive age (18-44 years old) worldwide, and
approximately 3 million American women have diabetes mellitus, and it has been estimated …