Previous studies demonstrate that intrastriatal injections of fibrillar alpha-synuclein (α-syn)
into mice induce Parkinson's disease (PD)-like Lewy body (LB) pathology formed by …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease with no approved
disease-modifying therapies. Multiplications, mutations, and single nucleotide …

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex multi-system age-related
neurodegenerative disorder. Targeting the ongoing neuroinflammation in PD patients is one …

The environment in which organisms live can greatly influence their development.
Consequently, environmental enrichment (EE) is progressively recognized as an important …

Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are a prevalent side effect of chronic treatment with
levodopa (L-DOPA) for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has long been …

Ingested fluoride (F) is absorbed mainly in the small intestine, which is controlled by the
Enteric Nervous System (ENS). Although important intestinal symptomatology has been …

The ability to efficiently produce large amounts of high-titer recombinant adeno-associated
virus (AAV) is a prerequisite to the continued success of AAV as a gene therapy tool targeted …

A new series of blood-brain barrier permeable molecules designed to mimic the activity of
Pleiotrophin in the CNS has been designed and synthesized. These compounds exert their …

Many individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) have difficulty producing normal speech and
voice, resulting in problems with interpersonal communication and reduced quality of life …

Pleiotrophin (PTN) and Midkine (MK) are neurotrophines with documented protective
actions in experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases and beneficial effects on …