Retinal circuits transform the pixel representation of photoreceptors into the feature
representations of ganglion cells, whose axons transmit these representations to the brain …

Visual motion on the retina activates a cohort of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This
population activity encodes multiple streams of information extracted by parallel retinal …

Approaching predators cast expanding shadows (ie, looming) that elicit innate defensive
responses in most animals. Where looming is first detected and how critical parameters of …

Antagonistic interactions between center and surround receptive field (RF) components lie
at the heart of the computations performed in the visual system. Circularly symmetric center …

A fundamental organizing plan of the retina is that visual information is divided into ON and
OFF streams that are processed in separate layers. This functional dichotomy originates in …

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the only output neurons that conduct visual signals from
the eyes to the brain. RGC degeneration occurs in many retinal diseases leading to …

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were one of the first classes of sensory neurons to be
described in terms of a receptive field (RF). Over the last six decades, our understanding of …

Vision begins in the retina, whose intricate neural circuits extract salient features of the
environment from the light entering our eyes. Neurodegenerative diseases of the retina (eg …

A crucial step in understanding the sleep-control mechanism is to identify sleep neurons.
Through systematic anatomical screening followed by functional testing, we identified two …

The direction-selective T4/T5 cells innervate optic-flow processing projection neurons in the
lobula plate of the fly that mediate the visual control of locomotion. In the lobula, visual …