Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are potent eicosanoid lipid mediators derived from
phospholipase-released arachidonic acid that are involved in numerous homeostatic …

Arachidonic acid (AA)-derived eicosanoids belong to a complex family of lipid mediators that
regulate a wide variety of physiological responses and pathological processes. They are …

Visual arrestin, βarrestin1, and βarrestin2 comprise a family of intracellular proteins that
desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In addition, βarrestin1 and βarrestin2 …

Cyclooxygenases metabolize arachidonate to five primary prostanoids: PGE2, PGF2α, PGI2,
TxA2, and PGD2. These autacrine lipid mediators interact with specific members of a family …

Population-based studies have established that long-term intake of non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), compounds that inhibit the enzymatic activity of …

Three enzyme systems, cyclooxygenases that generate prostaglandins, lipoxygenases that
form hydroxy derivatives and leukotrienes, and epoxygenases that give rise to …

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) is a bioactive lipid that has recently been identified as the
ligand for the EDG family of G protein–coupled cell surface receptors. However, the …

Upon cell activation, membrane phospholipids are metabolized into potent lysophospholipid
(LP) mediators, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid. LPs fulfill …

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is one of the most important biologically active prostanoids found
throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Despite the fact that PGE2 regulates many …

During the past twenty years, evidence has accumulated for the presence of phospholipids
within the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. These phospholipids are distinct from those that are …