The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a complex multi-cellular structure consisting of endothelial
cells (ECs), neurons, glia, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and pericytes. Each component is …

Macular edema consists of intra-or subretinal fluid accumulation in the macular region. It
occurs during the course of numerous retinal disorders and can cause severe impairment of …

Abstract Development of the retinal vasculature is based on highly coordinated signalling
between different cell types of the retina, integrating internal metabolic requirements with …

Diabetic retinopathy remains a relevant clinical problem. In parallel with diagnostic and
therapeutic improvements, the role of glycaemia and reactive metabolites causing cell stress …

The retinal capillary vasculature serves the formidable role of supplying the metabolically
active inner and middle retina. In the parafoveal region, the retinal capillary plexuses (RCP) …

Fluorescent carbon nanomaterials have broadly useful chemical and photophysical
attributes that are conducive to applications in biology. In this review, we focus on materials …

The field of angiogenesis research has primarily focused on the mechanisms of sprouting
angiogenesis. Yet vascular networks formed by vessel sprouting subsequently undergo …

Vascular development in the mammalian retina is a paradigm for CNS vascular
development in general, and its study is revealing fundamental mechanisms that explain the …

The mouse retina has been used extensively over the past decades to study both
physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Over time, various mouse retina models have …

The vertebrate body contains an extensive blood vessel network that forms, with a few
exceptions, by endothelial sprouting from the existing vasculature. This process, termed …