Abstract Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor is perpetuating the longest cholera pandemic in
recorded history. The genomic islands VSP-1 and VSP-2 distinguish El Tor from previous …

The programmed− 1 ribosomal frameshifting element (PFSE) of SARS-CoV-2 is a well
conserved structured RNA found in all coronaviruses' genomes. By adopting a pseudoknot …

Bicistronic reporter assays have been instrumental for transgene expression, understanding
of internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) translation, and identification of novel cap …

Noncovalent interactions between biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids
coordinate all cellular processes through changes in proximity. Tools that perturb these …

The genomes of several plant viruses contain RNA structures at their 3′ ends called cap-
independent translation enhancers (CITEs) that bind the host protein factors such as mRNA …

Controlling gene expression in response to specific molecules is an essential technique for
regulating cellular functions. However, current platforms with transcription and translation …

Pepper is a fluorogenic RNA aptamer tag that binds to a variety of benzylidene-cyanophenyl
(HBC) derivatives with tight affinity and activates their fluorescence. To investigate how …

RNA structure is crucial to a wide range of cellular processes. The intimate relationship
between macromolecular structure and function necessitates the determination of high …

The Picornaviridae is a family of icosahedral viruses with single-stranded, highly diverse
positive-sense RNA genomes. Virions consist of a capsid, without envelope, surrounding a …

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are members of
the genus Pestivirus that cause disease in wild and domestic animals and are responsible …