The classical pathway of interferon-γ-dependent activation of macrophages by T helper 1
(TH1)-type responses is a well-established feature of cellular immunity to infection with …

Plasticity and functional polarization are hallmarks of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
Here we review emerging key properties of different forms of macrophage activation and …

Pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst 5-year survival rates of all
solid tumors, and thus new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Here, we report that …

Mononuclear phagocytes are versatile cells that can express different functional programs in
response to microenvironmental signals. Fully polarized M1 and M2 (or alternatively …

Chemokines are a family of low molecular weight proteins with an essential role in leukocyte
trafficking during both homeostasis and inflammation. The CC class of chemokines consists …

Chemokines regulate inflammation, leukocyte trafficking, and immune cell differentiation.
The role of chemokines in homing of naive T lymphocytes to secondary lymphatic organs is …

The immune system is composed of single cells, and its function is entirely dependent on the
capacity of these cells to traffic, localize within tissues, and interact with each other in a …

Chemokines are redundant in their action on target cells and promiscuous in receptor
usage. Moreover, certain cells concomitantly produce several chemokines with an …

Macrophages (Mφ) comprise a heterogeneous population of cells with various immune and
homeostatic functions. Recently, we have described type-1 and type-2 human monocyte …

Macrophages are the first line of defense of the organism against pathogens and, in
response to the microenvironment, become differentially activated. In the presence of IL-4 …