The gastrointestinal tract has recently come to the forefront of multiple research fields. It is
now recognized as a major source of signals modulating food intake, insulin secretion and …

The digestive tract plays a central role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Far from
being a passive tube, it provides the first line of defense against pathogens and maintains …

Biological copper is coordinated predominantly by just three ligand types: the side chains of
histidine, cysteine, and methionine, with of course some exceptions. The arrangement of …

The biological effects of environmental metal contamination are important issues in an
industrialized, resource-dependent world. Different metals have different roles in biology …

Pathogen effectors are virulence factors causing plant diseases. How the host targets of
these effectors facilitate pathogen infection is largely unknown. An effector of Xanthomonas …

Platinum-based antitumor agents have been effective in the treatments of many human
malignancies but the ultimate success of these agents is often compromised by …

Iron, copper, and zinc are all essential nutrients. The electron transfer properties of iron and
copper are fundamental to processes such as respiration and photosynthesis. Zinc forms the …

The transition metal copper is an essential trace element for both prokaryotes and
eukaryotes. However, intracellular free copper has to be strictly limited due to its toxic side …

Abstract Background The copper (Cu) transporter (COPT/Ctr) gene family has an important
role in the maintenance of Cu homeostasis in different species. The rice COPT-type gene …

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), like almost all nanoparticles, are potentially toxic beyond a
certain concentration because the survival of the organism is compromised due to scores of …