In vertebrate cells, the DNA damage response is controlled by three related kinases: ATM,
ATR, and DNA-PK. It has been 20 years since the cloning of ATR, the last of the three to be …

▪ Abstract DNA damage is a relatively common event in the life of a cell and may lead to
mutation, cancer, and cellular or organismic death. Damage to DNA induces several cellular …

The function of the ATR (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated–and Rad3-related)–ATRIP (ATR-
interacting protein) protein kinase complex is crucial for the cellular response to replication …

All life on earth must cope with constant exposure to DNA-damaging agents such as the
Sun's radiation. Highly conserved DNA-repair and cell-cycle checkpoint pathways allow …

Activation of the ATR kinase following perturbations to DNA replication relies on a complex
mechanism involving ATR recruitment to RPA-coated single-stranded DNA via its binding …

Genome maintenance is a constant concern for cells, and a coordinated response to DNA
damage is required to maintain cellular viability and prevent disease. The ataxia …

Maintenance of genome stability is essential for avoiding the passage to neoplasia. The
DNA-damage response—a cornerstone of genome stability—occurs by a swift transduction …

Accumulation of mutations and chromosomal aberrations is one of the hallmarks of cancer
cells. This enhanced genetic instability is fueled by defects in the genome maintenance …

Abstract Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)
and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) are members of the …

PARP-1 is rapidly recruited and activated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Upon
activation, PARP-1 synthesizes a structurally complex polymer composed of ADP-ribose …