Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are an essential and central component of electronic waste.
The rapid depletion of natural resources, massive generation of end-of-life PCBs and …

Electronic e-waste (e-waste) is a growing problem worldwide. In 2019, total global
production reached 53.6 million tons, and is estimated to increase to 74.7 million tons by …

This paper reviews the existing and state of art knowledge for electronic waste (e-waste)
recycling. Electrical and/or electronic devices which are unwanted, broken or discarded by …

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) contains economically significant levels
of precious, critical metals and rare earth elements, apart from base metals and other toxic …

A large amount of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) has been generated due to the
tenacious scientific development and therefore, the improvement of expectations for …

The demand for rare earth elements (REEs) has significantly increased due to their
indispensable uses in integrated circuits of modern technology. However, due to the …

E-wastes being potential sources of numerous valuable metals are promoted to undergo
recycling and recovery under the umbrella of urban mining and circular economy. Thus, the …

The recycling of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) has attracted global attention
because of their increasingly huge quantity, hazardous character, and high recovery values …

In recent years, due to the large amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment.
Researchers need to search for a method to solve the harmless disposal of waste printed …

This paper draws on material entropy and life cycle thinking to develop the Resource States
framework. This framework clarifies and systematises the language around resources within …