The widespread use of controlled molecular‐level motion in key natural processes suggests
that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of …

Ca2+ regulation of contraction in vertebrate striated muscle is exerted primarily through
effects on the thin filament, which regulate strong cross-bridge binding to actin. Structural …

Mutations in β-cardiac myosin, the predominant motor protein for human heart contraction,
can alter power output and cause cardiomyopathy. However, measurements of the intrinsic …

CONJUGATED polymers are organic semiconductors, the semiconducting behaviour being
associated with the π molecular orbitals delocalized along the polymer chain. Their main …

A new in vitro assay using a feedback enhanced laser trap system allows direct
measurement of force and displacement that results from the interaction of a single myosin …

Directed movement is a characteristic of many living organisms and occurs as a result of the
transformation of chemical energy into mechanical energy. Myosin is one of three families of …

KINESIN, a mechanoenzyme that couples ATP hydrolysis to movement along microtubules,
is thought to power vesicle transport and other forms of microtubule-based motility1–6. Here …

We study the onset of collective motion, with and without cohesion, of groups of noisy self-
propelled particles interacting locally. We find that this phase transition, in two space …

VISUALIZATION of single actin filaments by fluorescence microscopy1led to the
development of new in vitro assays for analysing actomyosin-based motility at the molecular …

The central metabolic role of ATP has stimulated much interest in how it is formed using the
energy from oxidations or light. Considerations based on analogy to ATP formation in the …