The initial discovery that ob/ob mice become obese because of a recessive mutation of the
leptin gene has been crucial to discover the melanocortin pathway to control appetite. In the …

Circadian rhythms occur in almost all species and control vital aspects of our physiology,
from sleeping and waking to neurotransmitter secretion and cellular metabolism …

The motivation to seek out and consume rewards has evolutionarily been driven by the urge
to fulfill physiological needs. However in a modern society dominated more by plenty than …

Exposure to stress is inevitable, and it may occur, to varying degrees, at different phases
throughout the lifespan. The impact of stress experienced in later life has been well …

Abnormalities of insulin metabolism include hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, and
these problems are collectively referred to as insulin dysregulation in this review. Insulin …

Research has focused on understanding how overeating can affect brain reward
mechanisms and subsequent behaviors, both preclinically and in clinical research settings …

The consumption of W estern diets, high in sugar and saturated fat, is a crucial contributor to
the alarming incidence of obesity and its associated morbidities. These diets have been …

Background: Obesity is known to be a multifactorial disease. In its pathogenesis, different
factors such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, genetic factors …

The neuronal circuitry underlying the complex relationship between stress, mood and food
intake are slowly being unravelled and several studies suggest a key role herein for the …

Orexins/hypocretins are hypothalamic peptides involved in arousal and wakefulness, but
also play a critical role in drug addiction and reward-related behaviors. Here, we review the …