While acute inflammation is a natural physiological response to tissue injury or infection,
chronic inflammation is maladaptive and engenders a considerable amount of adverse pain …

Oleanolic acid has been isolated from chloroform extract of Olea ferruginea Royle after
removal of organic bases and free acids. The literature survey revealed it to be biologically …

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Salvia officinalis L. has been used as a
traditional herbal medicine for gastric disturbances and inflammatory processes. This study …

Background & Aims: Robust chemical or mechanical irritation of the colon of neonatal rats
leads to chronic visceral hypersensitivity. The clinical and physiologic relevance of such …

Tapentadol is an analgesic compound that acts centrally to attenuate pain. Previous studies
have shown that tapentadol has dual mechanisms of action as a mu-opioid receptor agonist …

The pharmacokinetics of oleanolic acid was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. From Caco‐2 cell
permeation studies, oleanolic acid was a low permeability compound with no directional …

AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study was carried out to investigate analgesic and anti-
inflammatory activities of Cassia siamea Lam stem bark extracts. We have also determined …

This paper is the 29th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning 30 years of research. It summarizes papers …

Pain continues to be an enormous global health challenge, with millions of new untreated or
inadequately treated patients reported annually. With respect to current clinical applications …

Cineole (cineole) and β-pinene, two monoterpenes isolated from the essential oil obtained
from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn leaves were tested for antinociceptive properties. Tail …