The so-called 'replicability crisis' has sparked methodological discussions in many areas of
science in general, and in psychology in particular. This has led to recent endeavours to …

Research on defensive behaviour in mammals has in recent years focused on elicited
reactions; however, organisms also make active choices when responding to danger. We …

In order to reduce the high infection rate of COVID‐19, individuals began to engage in self‐
isolation amid a time of uncertainty and worry. Given that social support can be protective …

Research from recent decades has highlighted the distinction between excitatory and
inhibitory Pavlovian learning mechanisms. Based on this distinction, state-of-the-art …

The relationships between sedentary lifestyle, sitting behaviour, and low back pain (LBP)
remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the relationship between back pain and …

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders and are often chronic and
disabling. Although exposure-based treatments are effective, a substantial number of …

Research on avoidance conditioning began in the late 1930s as a way to use laboratory
experiments to better understand uncontrollable fear and anxiety. Avoidance was initially …

Associative learning, such as classical or operant conditioning, has never been
unequivocally associated with animals outside bilatarians, eg, vertebrates, arthropods, or …

Avoidance is typically considered a maladaptive behavioral response to excessive fear and
anxiety, leading to the maintenance of anxiety disorders. Exposure is a core element of …

In everyday life, the outcomes of our actions are rarely certain. Further, we often lack the
information needed to precisely estimate the probability and value of potential outcomes as …