Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be derived from various adult tissues with multipotent
and self‐renewal abilities. The characteristics of presenting no major ethical concerns …

In addition to being multi-potent, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess
immunomodulatory functions that have been investigated as potential treatments in various …

We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorated experimental
autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats. Recently, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) were …

Certain cellular components of the eye, such as neural retina, are unable to regenerate and
replicate after destructive inflammation. Ocular immune privilege provides the eye with …

Abstract ENPP1 (ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase) participates in the
hydrolysis of different purine nucleotides in an array of physiologic processes. However …

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are a promising therapy for immunological disorders.
However, culture expanded MSC are large and get trapped in the capillary networks of the …

Purpose To assess the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived
exosomes (MSC-Exos) to promote the healing of large and refractory macular holes (MHs) …

Extracellular adenosine is a potent endogenous immunosuppressive mediator critical to the
maintenance of homeostasis in various normal tissues including the lung. Adenosine is …

Microglia are the primary resident retinal macrophages that monitor neuronal activity in real-
time and facilitate angiogenesis during retinal development. In certain retinal diseases, the …

The use of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) in most clinical trials requires
millions of cells/kg, necessitating ex vivo expansion typically on stiff substrates (tissue …