▪ Abstract Color vision starts with the absorption of light in the retinal cone photoreceptors,
which transduce electromagnetic energy into electrical voltages. These voltages are …

In recent years the idea of parallel and independent processing streams for different visual
attributes has become a guiding principle for linking the organization, architecture and …

The spectral sensitivities of middle-(M-) and long-(L-) wavelength-sensitive cones have
been measured in dichromats of known genotype: M-cone sensitivities in nine protanopes …

Transient chromatic adaptation produced by an abrupt change of background color permits
an easier and closer approach to cone isolation than does steady-state adaptation. Using …

In the human, cone photoreceptors (L, M, and S) and the melanopsin-containing, intrinsically
photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are active at daytime light intensities. Signals …

function and its modification by DB Judd (1951) and JJ Vos (1978), while being consistent
with a linear combination of the A. Stockman & LT Sharpe (2000) long-wavelength-sensitive …

By opposing drifting luminance and color gratings, we have measured the “equivalent
luminance contrast” of color, the contribution that color makes to motion. We found that this …

Detection thresholds were obtained for a 2° Gaussian-blurred spot flashed for 200 ms on an
8.9° white adapting field of 1070 trolands. The spot's contrast was represented in an L-, M …

The S cone is highly conserved across mammalian species, sampling the retinal image with
less spatial frequency than other cone photoreceptors. In human and monkey retina, the S …

The first stage of color vision is now well understood (see Chap. 10). When presented in the
same context under photopic conditions, pairs of lights that produce the same excitations in …