Inflammation is a defense reaction against diverse insults, designed to remove noxious
agents and to inhibit their detrimental effects. It consists of a dazzling array of molecular and …

The innate immune system and notably the complement (C) system play important roles in
host defense to recognise and kill deleterious invaders or toxic entities, but activation at …

Microarray analysis of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions obtained at autopsy revealed
increased transcripts of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 …

Abnormal accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with
prominent brain inflammation. Whereas earlier studies concluded that this inflammation is …

The identification of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) as a target for autoantibody‐
mediated demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) resulted in …

The complement system has once again come into prominence in the therapeutic
development arena. The recent approval of an inhibitory monoclonal antibody, eculizumab …

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous
system (CNS) characterized by transverse myelitis and optic neuritis. The pathogenic serum …

Dysregulation of the complement system is implicated in neurodegeneration, including
human and animal glaucoma. Optic nerve and retinal damage in glaucoma is preceded by …

There is much evidence to implicate B cells, plasma cells, and their products in the
pathogenesis of MS. Despite unequivocal evidence that the animal model for MS, EAE, is …

Microglia and macrophages, one a brain-resident, the other a mostly hematogenous cell
type, represent two related cell types involved in the brain pathology in multiple sclerosis …