Structural changes involving tissue remodelling and fibrosis are major features of many
pulmonary diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and …

Type-2-cell-mediated immunity, rich in eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, CD4+ T helper 2
(Th2) cells, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), protects the host from helminth …

Asthma is a common respiratory disease, and immune system dysregulation has direct
relevance to asthma pathogenesis. Probiotics and prebiotics have immunomodulatory …

Allergic bronchial asthma is a chronic disease of the airways that is characterized by
symptoms like respiratory distress, chest tightness, wheezing, productive cough, and acute …

Workers in the mining and construction industries are at increased risk of respiratory and
other diseases as a result of being exposed to harmful levels of airborne particulate matter …

Pneumonia is a type of acute lower respiratory infection that is common and severe. The
outcome of lower respiratory infection is determined by the degrees to which immunity is …

The epithelial cytokines IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and IL-25 have been
implicated in asthma pathogenesis because they promote Th2-type cytokine synthesis, but …

ABSTRACT COPD is a major global concern, increasingly so in the context of ageing
populations. The role of infections in disease pathogenesis and progression is known to be …

Background Severe steroid-insensitive asthma is a substantial clinical problem. Effective
treatments are urgently required, however, their development is hampered by a lack of …

The alarmin IL-33 is an IL-1 family member that stimulates pleiotropic immune reactions
depending on the target tissue and microenvironmental factors. In this study, we have …