Mammalian gut microbiomes profoundly influence host fitness, but the processes that drive
the evolution of host-microbiome systems are poorly understood. Recent studies suggest …

Insect guts present distinctive environments for microbial colonization, and bacteria in the
gut potentially provide many beneficial services to their hosts. Insects display a wide range …

Groundbreaking research on the universality and diversity of microorganisms is now
challenging the life sciences to upgrade fundamental theories that once seemed …

For over 300 million years, insects have relied on symbiotic microbes for nutrition and
defence. However, it is unclear whether specific ecological conditions have repeatedly …

Whether mammal–microbiome interactions are persistent and specific over evolutionary
time is controversial. Here we show that host phylogeny and major dietary shifts have …

The composition and activity of the gut microbiota codevelop with the host from birth and is
subject to a complex interplay that depends on the host genome, nutrition, and life-style. The …

Bacteria–phage coevolution, the reciprocal evolution between bacterial hosts and the
phages that infect them, is an important driver of ecological and evolutionary processes in …

Our understanding of species evolution is undergoing restructuring. It is well accepted that
host–symbiont coevolution is responsible for fundamental aspects of biology. However, the …

Nutritional symbionts play a major role in the ecology and evolution of insects. The recent
accumulation of knowledge on the identity, function, genomics, and phylogenetic …

Microbes inhabiting the intestinal tract of humans represent a site for xenobiotic metabolism.
The gut microbiome, the collection of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, can alter …