Autophagy is a quality-control, metabolic, and innate immunity process. Normative
autophagy affects many cell types, including hematopoietic as well as non-hematopoietic …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are key sensors of virus
infection, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons and other genes that …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of
the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A major virulence factor of …

Macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy) is a highly conserved physiological process
that degrades over-abundant or damaged organelles, large protein aggregates and …

Activation of the RIG-I-like receptors, retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma
differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), establishes an antiviral state by upregulating …

The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous
challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evades the host immune
system through a variety of regulatory mechanisms. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes …

An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of
immunity. Knowledge about this interplay can not only help us identify biological …

Infectious diseases caused by pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites
are ranked as the second leading cause of death worldwide by the World Health …

Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a versatile family of ubiquitin E3 ligases involved in a
multitude of cellular processes. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that many TRIM …