Kelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the
world. In response, marine managers are working to restore and counteract these declines …

Consideration of whether to completely remove an oil and gas production platform from the
seafloor or to leave the submerged jacket as a reef is an imminent decision for California, as …

The largest seaweed, giant kelp (Macrocystis) is the fastest growing and most prolific of all
plants found on earth. Growing from the seafloor and extending along the ocean surface in …

Fisheries enhancement initiatives are a potentially useful tool for managers to supplement
traditional approaches. Habitat‐based enhancements often deploy artificial reefs with the …

With nearly two‐thirds of the human population concentrated along coastlines, coastal
development and urbanized seascapes are inevitable. Proliferation of coastal and marine …

As offshore windfarm (OWF) construction in the UK is progressing rapidly, monitoring of the
economic and ecological effects of these developments is urgently needed. This is to enable …

Artificial reefs are used around the world for many purposes, including widespread
deployment to increase fishery yields. These reefs are well‐studied from a direct fisheries …

Macroalgae are invaluable constituents of marine forest environments and important
sources of material for human needs. However, they are currently at risk of severe decline …

The mitigation hierarchy is increasingly used in environmental policy as a way of reconciling
economic development and biodiversity conservation. The principle of the mitigation …

The use of artificial reefs in the Arabian Gulf have a history extending back over a century,
when date palm trunks, stones, pottery and other materials were sunk in coastal areas to …