The aculeate wasps are one of the most diverse and speciose insect taxa; they are
omnipresent across ecosystems and exhibit diverse co‐evolutionary and exploitative …

Social insect colonies have evolved collective immune defences against parasites. These
'social immune systems' result from the cooperation of the individual group members to …

To fight infectious diseases, host immune defenses are employed at multiple levels. Sanitary
behavior, such as pathogen avoidance and removal, acts as a first line of defense to prevent …

Nanotechnology has remained relevant as a multifacet discipline, which cuts across different
areas of science and technology. Several successful attempts had been documented …

Ants (Formicidae) represent a taxonomically diverse group of hymenopterans with over
13,000 extant species, the majority of which inject or spray secretions from a venom gland …

The inappropriate or excessive use of antimicrobial agents caused an emerging public
health problem due to the resulting resistance developed by microbes. Therefore, there is an …

We compare anti-parasite defences at the level of multicellular organisms and insect
societies, and find that selection by parasites at these two organisational levels is often very …

Biologically active peptides have been attracting increasing attention, whether to improve
the understanding of their mechanisms of action or in the search for new therapeutic drugs …

Wasps, members of the order Hymenoptera, are distributed in different parts of the world,
including Brazil, Thailand, Japan, Korea, and Argentina. The lifestyles of the wasps are …

With the complete sequencing of its genome, the honey bee is now a preferred model
organism for Hymenoptera species, also with respect to venomic studies. Major pitfalls in …