Chromium in drinking water: sources, metabolism, and cancer risks

A Zhitkovich - Chemical research in toxicology, 2011 - ACS Publications
Drinking water supplies in many geographic areas contain chromium in the+ 3 and+ 6
oxidation states. Public health concerns are centered on the presence of hexavalent Cr that …

Carcinogenicity of chromium and chemoprevention: a brief update

Y Wang, H Su, Y Gu, X Song, J Zhao - OncoTargets and therapy, 2017 - Taylor & Francis
Chromium has two main valence states: hexavalent chromium (Cr [VI]) and trivalent
chromium (Cr [III]). Cr (VI), a well-established human carcinogen, can enter cells by way of a …

The role of zinc in genomic stability

R Sharif, P Thomas, P Zalewski, M Fenech - … Research/Fundamental and …, 2012 - Elsevier
Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element required for maintaining both optimal human health
and genomic stability. Zn plays a critical role in the regulation of DNA repair mechanisms …

The effects of chromium (VI) on the thioredoxin system: implications for redox regulation

CR Myers - Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2012 - Elsevier
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] compounds are highly redox active and have long been
recognized as potent cytotoxins and carcinogens. The intracellular reduction of Cr (VI) …

Prolonged exposure to particulate chromate inhibits RAD51 nuclear import mediator proteins

CL Browning, JP Wise Sr - Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2017 - Elsevier
Particulate hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is a human lung carcinogen and a human health
concern. The induction of structural chromosome instability is considered to be a driving …

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hexavalent chromium-induced lung cancer: an updated perspective

AM Urbano, L MR Ferreira… - Current drug …, 2012 - ingentaconnect.com
For over a century, chromium (Cr) has found widespread industrial and commercial use,
namely as a pigment, in the production of stainless steel and in chrome plating. The adverse …

Particulate hexavalent chromium alters microRNAs in human lung cells that target key carcinogenic pathways

RM Speer, I Meaza, JH Toyoda, Y Lu, Q Xu… - Toxicology and applied …, 2022 - Elsevier
Abstract Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] is a global environmental pollutant and human lung
carcinogen. However, the mechanisms of Cr (VI) carcinogenesis are not well defined. Cr (VI) …

Prolonged particulate hexavalent chromium exposure suppresses homologous recombination repair in human lung cells

CL Browning, Q Qin, DF Kelly, R Prakash… - Toxicological …, 2016 - academic.oup.com
Genomic instability is one of the primary models of carcinogenesis and a feature of almost
all cancers. Homologous recombination (HR) repair protects against genomic instability by …

Hexavalent chromium induces chromosome instability in human urothelial cells

SS Wise, AL Holmes, L Liou, RM Adam… - Toxicology and applied …, 2016 - Elsevier
Numerous metals are well-known human bladder carcinogens. Despite the significant
occupational and public health concern of metals and bladder cancer, the carcinogenic …

Prolonged Particulate Hexavalent Chromium Exposure Induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks and Inhibits Homologous Recombination Repair in Primary Rodent Lung …

JTF Wise, H Lu, I Meaza, SS Wise, AR Williams… - … Trace Element Research, 2024 - Springer
Abstract Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] is a known lung carcinogen and a driving
mechanism in human lung cells for Cr (VI)-induced lung cancer is chromosome instability …