Human body surfaces, such as the skin, intestines, and respiratory and urogenital tracts, are
colonized by a large number of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, with …

Even though tremendous progress has been made in the last decades to elucidate the
mechanisms of intestinal homeostasis, dysbiosis and disease, we are only at the beginning …

Boosting immune cell function by targeting the coinhibitory receptor PD-1 may have
applications in the treatment of chronic infections. Here, we examine the role of PD-1 during …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of Tuberculosis (TB), infects one third of the world's
population and causes substantial mortality worldwide. In its shortest format, treatment of TB …

Although commensal flora is involved in the regulation of immunity, the interplay between
cytokine signaling and microbiota in atherosclerosis remains unknown. We found that …

Cross talk occurs between the human gut and the lung through a gut-lung axis involving the
gut microbiota. However, the signatures of the human gut microbiota after active …

Background: An improved understanding of the gut microbiota could lead to better strategies
for the diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis of tuberculosis (TB). The impact of both …

Current treatments for tuberculosis (TB) are effective in controlling Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb) growth, yet have significant side effects and do not prevent reinfection …

The diverse microbial communities within our bodies produce metabolites that modulate
host immune responses. Even the microbiome at distal sites has an important function in …

Blood transcriptomics analysis of tuberculosis has revealed an interferon-inducible gene
signature that diminishes in expression after successful treatment; this promises improved …