Group living is thought to have important antipredator benefits for animals, owing to the
mechanisms of shared vigilance (“many-eyes” hypothesis), risk dilution (“dilution effect” …

Broiler chickens are reported to be close to walls at higher densities. The reason for this is
not clear, since evolutionary theories would suggest that birds should attempt to be in the …

There is growing evidence that individuals actively assess the match between their
phenotype and their environment when making habitat choice decisions (so-called matching …

Although the occurrence of individuals' behavioral differences in a “shyness–boldness”
continuum (ie, animals' propensity to take risks) is well established from experimental …

The cost-benefit of social behavior depends on group size and the social interaction. As
group size increases, competition for resources increases, while individual vigilance may …

Tibetan gazelle Procapra picticaudata is a threatened and endemic species to the Qinghai-
Tibet Plateau. With the method of group scan sampling, we observed the behaviours of …

Hosts-parasite interactions are plentiful and diverse, and understanding the patterns of
these interactions can provide great insight into the evolutionary history of the organisms …

Context Human activities can induce behavioural and stress responses in wild animals.
Information is scarce on the effects of culling on anti-predator behaviour and endogenous …

Group living confers both benefits and costs to the individuals involved. Benefits may include
enhanced defense, thermoregulation, and increased foraging efficiency while costs often …

Purpose: For restoring the once extinct Milu (Elaphurus davidianus, Père David's deer), the
wild management authority in China launched a Milu rewilding project in the Dongting Lake …