Both the discovery of biomarkers of schizophrenia and the verification of biological
hypotheses of schizophrenia are an essential part of the process of understanding the …

Oxytocin (OT) is a nonapeptide mainly produced in the supraoptic and paraventricular
nuclei. OT in the brain and blood has extensive functions in both mental and physical …

Human neurohormone vasopressin (AVP) is synthesized in overlapping regions in the
hypothalamus. It is mainly known for its vasoconstricting abilities, and it is responsible for the …

The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in persons with schizophrenia has spurred
investigational efforts to study the mechanism beneath its pathophysiology. Early psychosis …

Background Social determinants of health (SDoHs) are nonmedical factors that significantly
impact health and longevity. We found no published reviews on the biology of SDoHs in …

Anxiety and mood disorders are prevalent, disabling, and frequently difficult to treat. Such
disorders are often comorbid and share similar characteristics. For more accurate diagnosis …

Cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) represent a central element of
the symptomatology of this severe mental disorder. CIAS substantially determine the …

Social dysfunction, manifested by impaired social cognition, is contributing to poorer
prognosis of patients with schizophrenia. Growing evidence indicates that oxytocin acts as a …

Good mothering has profound impact on both the mother's and the young's well-being.
Consequently, experiencing inadequate maternal care–or even neglect–in the first stages of …

Early-life stress during critical periods of brain development can have long-term effects on
physical and mental health. Oxytocin is a critical social regulator and anti-inflammatory …