Soil influences human health in a variety of ways, with human health being linked to the
health of the soil. Historically, emphasis has been placed on the negative impacts that soils …

The human immune system is highly variable between individuals but relatively stable over
time within a given person. Recent conceptual and technological advances have enabled …

Asthma prevalence has increased in epidemic proportions with urbanization, but growing up
on traditional farms offers protection even today. The asthma-protective effect of farms …

The innate immune system is the oldest protection strategy that is conserved across all
organisms. Although having an unspecific action, it is the first and fastest defense …

Food allergies manifest in a variety of clinical conditions within the gastrointestinal tract, skin
and lungs, with the most dramatic and sometimes fatal manifestation being anaphylactic …

The immunology of the hygiene hypothesis of allergy is complex and involves the loss of
cellular and humoral immunoregulatory pathways as a result of the adoption of a Western …

The prevalence of allergic airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis has increased
dramatically to epidemic proportions worldwide. Besides air pollution from industry derived …

The pathogenesis of allergic diseases entails an ineffective tolerogenic immune response to
allergens. Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a key role in sustaining immune tolerance to …

Skin barrier structure and function is essential to human health. Hitherto unrecognized
functions of epidermal keratinocytes show that the skin plays an important role in adapting …

The human gut harbors> 100 trillion microbial cells, which influence the nutrition,
metabolism, physiology, and immune function of the host. Here, we review the quantitative …