Sustainable energy transitions (SET) are complex processes spanning over decades and
subject to deep uncertainty from a variety of sources, such as climate change, technology …

A debate curated by Simon Maxwell Economic growth has resulted in a twin crisis of climate
change and environmental breakdown, while millions still live in poverty, a third crisis. Is it …

Decision-making under uncertainty is important for managing human-natural systems in a
changing world. A major source of uncertainty is linked to the multi-actor settings of …

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) exists to provide policy-relevant
assessments of the science related to climate change. As such, the IPCC has long grappled …

One reason carbon prices are difficult to implement is that they might imply high additional
costs on poor and vulnerable households. In response, studies often highlight that recycling …

Looming environmental and social breaking points, like climate change and massive
inequalities, are becoming increasingly apparent and large in scale. In this book, Gaya …

To respond to the climate crisis, we need to accelerate system transformations at a pace,
scale, and breadth not seen before. This means that it is urgent to shift development …

Energy modelling is the process of using mathematical models to develop abstractions and
then seek insights into future energy systems. It can be an abstract academic activity. Or, it …

The rapid fall of photovoltaic generation and battery storage costs can pave the way for
future distributed power systems. However, transitioning from centralized to distributed …

We measure the gains from phasing out coal as the average social cost of carbon times the
quantity of avoided emissions. By comparing the present value of benefits from avoided …