Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are critical in the elimination of infected or malignant cells
and are emerging as a major therapeutic target. How CTLs recognize and kill harmful cells …

According to in vitro assays, T cells are thought to kill rapidly and efficiently, but the efficacy
and dynamics of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of virus-infected cells in vivo …

In this commentary, we advance the notion that mutant KRAS (mKRAS) is an ideal tumor
neoantigen that is amenable for targeting by the adaptive immune system. Recent progress …

A hallmark of chronic infections is the presence of exhausted CD8 T cells, characterized by a
distinct transcriptional program compared with functional effector or memory cells, co …

Chronic viral infections are often associated with impaired CD8+ T cell function, referred to
as exhaustion. Although the molecular and cellular circuits involved in CD8+ T cell …

The increasing use of nuclear energy sources inevitably raises the risk of accidental or
deliberate radiation exposure and associated immune dysfunction. However, the extent to …

Upon resolution of an acute viral infection, during latent‐reactivating infection and during
chronic active infections virus‐specific T‐cells differentiate into distinct subsets that differ in …

Virus infections represent complex biological systems governed by multiple‐level regulatory
processes of virus replication and host immune responses. Understanding of the infection …

Highlights•The phenomenon of T-cell exhaustion limits immune responses to persisting
infections.•Nonetheless, these T-cells retain a certain level of function.•We review evidence …

Immunotherapy has achieved tremendous success in melanoma. However, only around
50% of advanced melanoma patients benefit from immunotherapy. Cyclin‐dependent …