Inhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) are commonly used as an adjunct to
levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) for the amelioration of wearing-off …

As Parkinson's disease (PD) progresses, treatment needs to be adapted to maintain
symptom control. Once patients develop advanced PD, an optimised regimen of oral and …

Levodopa treatment remains the gold standard for Parkinson's disease, but shortcomings
related to the pharmacological profile, notably, oral administration and the consequent …

Motor fluctuations (MF) are deemed by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as the most
troublesome disease feature resulting from the increasing impairment in responsiveness to …

Patients in fluctuating stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) require device-aided treatments.
Continuous infusion of levodopa–carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) is a well-proven option in …

Background The addition of oral entacapone to levodopa‐carbidopa intestinal gel treatment
leads to less conversion of levodopa to 3‐O‐methyldopa, thereby increasing levodopa …

Motor complications of Parkinson's disease (PD) are a consequence of pulsatile
dopaminergic stimulation from standard oral levodopa therapy. Levodopa–carbidopa …

Enterally administered levodopa/carbidopa gel (Duodopa®) is used for the treatment of
advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. This …

In advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, continuous intra-duodenal infusion of
levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) is an established approach in the management of …

Introduction There is currently a resurgence of levodopa as the initial treatment of choice for
most patients with Parkinson's disease, albeit at lower doses than previously used. The …