Subdivisions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) evolved at different times. Agranular parts of the
PFC emerged in early mammals, and rodents, primates, and other modern mammals share …

Adolescence is defined as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood
characterized by changes in social interaction and acquisition of mature cognitive abilities …

The major mechanism for generating diversity of neuronal connections beyond their genetic
determination is the activity-dependent stabilization and selective elimination of the initially …

None of the proposed mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) fully explains the distribution
patterns of the neuropathological changes at the cellular and regional levels, and their …

The prefrontal cortex is critical to many cognitive abilities that are considered particularly
human, and forms a large part of a neural system crucial for normal socio-emotional and …

Despite considerable interest in the neural basis of valuation, the question of how valuation
affects cognitive processing has received relatively less attention. Here, we review evidence …

Movement abnormalities of Parkinson's disease (PD) arise from disordered neural activity in
multiple interconnected brain structures. The planning and execution of movement requires …

This review covers the intrinsic organization and afferent and efferent connections of the
midbrain dopaminergic complex, comprising the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area …

Few morphological differences have been identified so far that distinguish the human brain
from the brains of our closest relatives, the apes. Comparative analyses of the spatial …

This article will touch on theories, scientific research and conjecture about the evolutionary
genetics of the brain function and the impact of genetic variants called polymorphisms on …