Hypohydration, defined as a state of low body water, increases thirst sensations, arginine
vasopressin release, and elicits renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation to …

Multiple transitions between gravity levels will occur during planetary exploration missions.
In reaction to these gravitational transitions, physiological adaptation will be initiated …

Exercising muscle blood flow is reduced in patients with heart failure with a preserved
ejection fraction (HFpEF), which may be related to disease-related changes in the ability to …

Long-duration spaceflight is associated with neurologic and ophthalmic clinical and imaging
findings in astronauts termed spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS). These …

Abstract Space exploration objectives will soon move from low Earth orbit to distant
destinations like Moon and Mars. The present work provides an up-to-date roadmap that …

Artificial gravity through short-arm centrifugation has potential as a multi-system
countermeasure for deconditioning and cranial fluid shifts that may underlie ocular issues in …

The NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) conducted an interdisciplinary study and
workshop focusing on capabilities needed for crew health and safety on long-duration deep …

An expert committee was formed to reach consensus on the use of Tilt Table Testing (TTT) in
the diagnosis of disorders that may cause transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) and to …

Although we have sent humans into space for more than 50 years crucial questions
regarding kidney physiology, volume regulation and osmoregulation remain unanswered …

During head-down tilt bed rest (HDT) the cardiovascular system is subject to headward fluid
shifts. The fluid shift phenomenon is analogous to weightlessness experienced during …